See grinden on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "en",
"3": "grind"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from English grind",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English grind.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
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]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "conjugation",
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]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "conjugation",
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"gerund",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "conjugation",
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"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
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"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "conjugation",
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"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "conjugation",
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]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
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]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "conjugation",
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"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
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"form": "grindde",
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"formal",
"past",
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"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "conjugation",
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"present",
"second-person",
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{
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{
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]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
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},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "conjugation",
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"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grindden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grinde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
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"archaic",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "conjugation",
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"archaic",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grindden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grindend",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gegrind",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grinden",
"name": "nl-verb"
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],
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{
"args": {
"1": "grind"
},
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}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Skateboarding",
"orig": "nl:Skateboarding",
"parents": [
"Board sports",
"Sports",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "42 34 12 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 31 8 6 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 31 8 6 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to grind"
],
"id": "en-grinden-nl-verb-Z7eRVPPd",
"links": [
[
"skateboarding",
"skateboarding#Noun"
],
[
"grind",
"grind"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(skateboarding) to grind"
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"skateboarding",
"sports"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Dance",
"orig": "nl:Dance",
"parents": [
"Art",
"Recreation",
"Culture",
"Human activity",
"Society",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to grind (dance closely in a sexy way)"
],
"id": "en-grinden-nl-verb-zraFcUzJ",
"links": [
[
"dance",
"dance#Noun"
],
[
"grind",
"grind"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dance) to grind (dance closely in a sexy way)"
],
"topics": [
"dance",
"dancing",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡrɑi̯ndə(n)/"
}
],
"word": "grinden"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
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{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "grind",
"3": "en",
"id2": "denominative",
"t1": "gravel"
},
"expansion": "grind (“gravel”) + -en",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From grind (“gravel”) + -en.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
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"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
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"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "conjugation",
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"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "conjugation",
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"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
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"past",
"second-person",
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]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "conjugation",
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"formal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
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},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "conjugation",
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"colloquial",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "conjugation",
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"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
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"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
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"formal",
"majestic",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
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"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grindden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grinde",
"source": "conjugation",
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"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
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"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "conjugation",
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"archaic",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grindden",
"source": "conjugation",
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"archaic",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "conjugation",
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"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "conjugation",
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"imperative",
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]
},
{
"form": "grindend",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "gegrind",
"source": "conjugation",
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]
}
],
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{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch terms suffixed with -en (denominative)",
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}
],
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"to cover with gravel"
],
"id": "en-grinden-nl-verb-RLPJOQXh",
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[
"cover",
"cover"
],
[
"gravel",
"gravel"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to cover with gravel"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɣrɪndə(n)/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪndən"
}
],
"word": "grinden"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
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{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "grinden"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch grinden",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*grindan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *grindan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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{
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"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*grindaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grindaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch grinden, from Old Dutch *grindan, from Proto-West Germanic *grindan, from Proto-Germanic *grindaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "nl-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "conjugation",
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"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "conjugation",
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]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
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]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "conjugation",
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"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
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"singular"
]
},
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"form": "grindt",
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"singular"
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},
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"form": "grindde",
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},
{
"form": "grindt",
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"colloquial",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
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"majestic",
"present",
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"singular"
]
},
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"colloquial",
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"second-person",
"singular"
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},
{
"form": "grindde",
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"majestic",
"past",
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"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
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"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grindden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grinde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grindden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grindend",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gegrind",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grinden",
"name": "nl-verb"
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "grind"
},
"name": "nl-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
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{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to grind"
],
"id": "en-grinden-nl-verb-Z7eRVPPd1",
"links": [
[
"grind",
"grind"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) to grind"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"word": "grinden"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_text": "Probably a byform of (now also obsolete) grinnen. Alternatively it has been explained from etymology 3 through a theoretical intermediate “grind one's teeth”, but this seems far-fetched. The development of the d is easily explained from the inflections grin(d)t, grin(d)de, gegrind.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "conjugation",
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"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
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"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "conjugation",
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"formal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
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"formal",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "conjugation",
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"colloquial",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "conjugation",
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"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
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"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "conjugation",
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"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
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"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "conjugation",
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"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grindden",
"source": "conjugation",
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"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grinde",
"source": "conjugation",
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"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
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"archaic",
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"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "conjugation",
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"archaic",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grindden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grindend",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gegrind",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
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"name": "nl-verb"
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],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to grin"
],
"id": "en-grinden-nl-verb-tlDruB~R",
"links": [
[
"grin",
"grin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, obsolete) to grin"
],
"related": [
{
"word": "grienen"
},
{
"word": "grinniken"
},
{
"word": "grijnzen"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"word": "grinden"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "m",
"g2": "f"
},
"expansion": "grinden m or f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "grind"
}
],
"glosses": [
"definite masculine singular of grind"
],
"id": "en-grinden-nb-noun-c1XqauDe",
"links": [
[
"grind",
"grind#Norwegian_Bokmål"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "grinda"
}
],
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"form-of",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "grinden"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "grinden",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
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{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "grind"
}
],
"glosses": [
"definite singular of grind"
],
"id": "en-grinden-sv-noun-IkvnFJBu",
"links": [
[
"grind",
"grind#Swedish"
]
],
"tags": [
"definite",
"form-of",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "grinden"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch basic verbs",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch terms borrowed from English",
"Dutch terms derived from English",
"Dutch verbs",
"Dutch weak verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "en",
"3": "grind"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from English grind",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English grind.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grindden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grinde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grindden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grindend",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gegrind",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grinden",
"name": "nl-verb"
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "grind"
},
"name": "nl-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"nl:Skateboarding"
],
"glosses": [
"to grind"
],
"links": [
[
"skateboarding",
"skateboarding#Noun"
],
[
"grind",
"grind"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(skateboarding) to grind"
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"skateboarding",
"sports"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"nl:Dance"
],
"glosses": [
"to grind (dance closely in a sexy way)"
],
"links": [
[
"dance",
"dance#Noun"
],
[
"grind",
"grind"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dance) to grind (dance closely in a sexy way)"
],
"topics": [
"dance",
"dancing",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡrɑi̯ndə(n)/"
}
],
"word": "grinden"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch basic verbs",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch terms suffixed with -en (denominative)",
"Dutch verbs",
"Dutch weak verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɪndən",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɪndən/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "grind",
"3": "en",
"id2": "denominative",
"t1": "gravel"
},
"expansion": "grind (“gravel”) + -en",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From grind (“gravel”) + -en.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grindden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grinde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grindden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grindend",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gegrind",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grinden",
"name": "nl-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grind"
},
"name": "nl-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to cover with gravel"
],
"links": [
[
"cover",
"cover"
],
[
"gravel",
"gravel"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to cover with gravel"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɣrɪndə(n)/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪndən"
}
],
"word": "grinden"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch basic verbs",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch verbs",
"Dutch weak verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "grinden"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch grinden",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*grindan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *grindan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*grindan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *grindan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*grindaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grindaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch grinden, from Old Dutch *grindan, from Proto-West Germanic *grindan, from Proto-Germanic *grindaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grindden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grinde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grindden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grindend",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gegrind",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grinden",
"name": "nl-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grind"
},
"name": "nl-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch terms with obsolete senses",
"Dutch transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to grind"
],
"links": [
[
"grind",
"grind"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) to grind"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"word": "grinden"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch basic verbs",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch verbs",
"Dutch weak verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_text": "Probably a byform of (now also obsolete) grinnen. Alternatively it has been explained from etymology 3 through a theoretical intermediate “grind one's teeth”, but this seems far-fetched. The development of the d is easily explained from the inflections grin(d)t, grin(d)de, gegrind.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grindden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grinde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grindde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grinden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grindden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grind",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grindend",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gegrind",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grinden",
"name": "nl-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grind"
},
"name": "nl-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "grienen"
},
{
"word": "grinniken"
},
{
"word": "grijnzen"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch intransitive verbs",
"Dutch terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"to grin"
],
"links": [
[
"grin",
"grin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, obsolete) to grin"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"word": "grinden"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "m",
"g2": "f"
},
"expansion": "grinden m or f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header",
"Norwegian Bokmål non-lemma forms",
"Norwegian Bokmål noun forms",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "grind"
}
],
"glosses": [
"definite masculine singular of grind"
],
"links": [
[
"grind",
"grind#Norwegian_Bokmål"
]
],
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"form-of",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "grinda"
}
],
"word": "grinden"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "grinden",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish non-lemma forms",
"Swedish noun forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "grind"
}
],
"glosses": [
"definite singular of grind"
],
"links": [
[
"grind",
"grind#Swedish"
]
],
"tags": [
"definite",
"form-of",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "grinden"
}
Download raw JSONL data for grinden meaning in All languages combined (16.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (9a96ef4 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.